Investigation of the Effect of Two Different Solvents (Aqueous and Alcoholic) on Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activities for the Globularia Repens Plant

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of leaves and stems of the Globularia repens plant growing in the Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region, Libya. Plant parts were extracted using two solvents (aqueous and methanol). Phytochemical screening and paper chromatography were conducted to identify major classes of secondary metabolites. The antimicrobial activity was tested against six bacterial species (including Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two fungal species (Alternaria alternata and Penicillium sp.) using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, and saponins. The antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the methanol extracts exhibited significant inhibitory activity against some tested pathogens, while the aqueous extracts were less effective. The potency of the extracts also varied between the leaves and stems