Assessment of Serum Triglyceride and Cholesterol level among Sudanese Epileptic Patients using Antiepileptic Drugs in Khartoum State - Sudan

Abstract

Antiepileptic drugs such as Phenytoin (PHE), Valproic acid (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ) is disrupting Triglyceride and Cholesterol level. Our study aimed to assess the level of serum Triglyceride and Cholesterol among Sudanese patients using antiepileptic drugs more than one year at Khartoum State - Sudan. This analytical case control study was conducted from November, 2019 to May, 2020 in National Center for Neurological Diseases and Sciences- Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Bahri Teaching Hospital and Academic Educational Hospital at Khartoum State, Sudan. A total of 64 patients enrolled in this study, 32 out of them were diagnosed as epileptic patients on antiepileptic drugs for more than one year (case group), and the other 32 patients (control group) diagnosed with epilepsy but not used antiepileptic drugs. Analysis of serum Triglyceride and Cholesterol were done by fully automated machine (Mindray BS 240 clinical chemistry analyzer). The study showed that,  the patients used Carbamazepine, Valproate and Phenytoin drugs, were significant decrease in mean serum concentration of Triglyceride (86.1±38.8) when compare of main of control group (127.6±60.2) with p- value (0.002),  and were significant increase in mean serum concentrations of Cholesterol (158.5±54.7) when compared   of main of control group (150.5±75.2) with p- value (0.044) from data suggest that antiepileptic drugs have effect on serum Triglycerides and Cholesterol level. There were increased in mean of Triglyceride among patients used Carbamazepine when compared to Valproic Acid and Phenytoin and there was decreased in mean of Cholesterol among patients used Phenytoin when compared to Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine therapy. From the present study we concluded that serum Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol level should be regularly monitored in patients using antiepileptic drugs for more than one year.