Cardiovascular Risk Stratification for Patients with Diabetes in Tripoli- Libya (2013-2022)

Abstract

Background and aims. Diabetes complications have a considerable effect on the quality of life and patient survival, mainly with respect to cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to review the Car-dio-vascular Disease risk categories for patients with diabetes according to the international guideline, European Societies Cardiology 2019 guidelines Methods. All patients with diabetes who attended out patient's clinic at the National, Diabetes Center start from Sep 2013 till April 2022 were interviewed and examined, demography data include: their ages, smoking habits, measurement of weight &height for Body Mass Index measure, as well as blood pressure measurement and fasting lipid profile. Assessment for cardiovascular disease risk in every patient by the history of previous cardiovascular events, as-sessment of diabetes as disease duration, as well as the presence of end end-organ damage then clas-sified according to ESC 2021 into three groups: very high risk, high risk, moderates cardiovascular disease risks, the data was statistical analysis by SPSS. Results. 1024 individuals with diabetes (65% females), mean age 54.11±14.649 years, the duration of diabetes were variable from newly diagnosis in 260 (20.5%), up to more than 10 years in 475(37.5%), body mass index as a measure for weight control were high (≥30%) in 803 patients (78%), smoking habit were active in 126 individuals. Dyslipidemia in 45 cases, blood pressure was uncontrolled even with drugs in 300 cases, end-organ damage as an indication for micro-vascular complication of diabetes was present as retinopathy in 472 patients (46.09%), nephropathy in 539 patients (52.6%), peripheral neuropathy in 645 patients (62.98%), es-tablished cardiovascular disease were positive in 289 patients (28.22%), then risk calculation was applied .it shows three groups: very high-risk group were in 645 patients (62.98%), the high-risk group were in 445 patients (43.45%), moderates group were in 66 patients (6.44%) cardiovascular disease risks. Conclusions. The study showed that nearly two-thirds of our patients with diabetes belong to the very high-risk category of cardiovascular risk. Patients with diabetes required accurate cardiovascular disease risk stratification to direct suitable management for the degree of the risk, and need a more aggressive approach to control modifiable factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia obesity, and smoking habit.